The structure of Optical cable

The structure of Optical cable

According to the state of the coated optical fiber in the cable, there are two types of optical cables: tight structure and loose structure. Skeleton optical cable is a typical loose structure. The optical fiber is buried in the spiral groove on the outer periphery of the frame, and there is room for movement. This kind of optical cable has better characteristics of isolating external force and preventing microbending loss. Twisted optical cables are a typical tight structure when using tight-packed optical fibers, and the coated optical fibers are tightly wrapped in the cable structure, but when twisted optical cables use loose-coated optical fibers, since the optical fibers can move in the secondary coating plastic tube , is still a loose structure. The cabling process of the stranded optical cable is relatively simple, and the performance is good. In addition, there are structural types such as ribbon optical cables and single-core optical cables.
There are reinforcements in all kinds of optical cables to bear the tensile force. It is made of high-strength materials with high elastic modulus, such as steel wire, high-strength glass fiber and high-modulus synthetic fiber aramid. The reinforcement makes the optical cable only produce extremely low elongation deformation (for example, less than 0.5%) under the stress of use, so as to protect the optical fiber from stress or withstand extremely low stress to prevent the optical fiber from breaking.

The sheath structure and material of the optical cable depend on the use environment and requirements, and are basically the same as the cables under the same use conditions. According to the use environment of optical cables, there are overhead optical cables, direct buried optical cables, submarine optical cables, field optical cables, etc.